Environment pollution | Definition, History, Types, & Facts

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 Clean water and unpolluted fresh air are the main sources of healthy life.  The air that the first man on earth breathed into the child's chest was pure and fresh, free of pollution.  People and the environment were built in the same way.

 Because even then the mindless misdeeds of mankind did not poison the air.  Today our mother Bashundhara is not well.  Increasingly burdened with pollution.  It is gradually progressing towards serious illness. So the slogan is “Save Bashundhara”.

 The United Nations has declared June 5 as "World Environment Day" every year to draw attention to this issue and take precautionary measures.

 ☞What is environmental pollution:

 Environmental pollution is the abnormal change and destruction of the environment and its resources as a result of human activities.  Our environment is everything that surrounds us.

 Environment is the combination of physical conditions, climate and all living organisms and organic matter around us.  If for some reason the balance of any element of the environment is disturbed then it is called environmental pollution.  In fact, environmental pollution is caused by various human-made reasons.

 ☞Causes of environmental pollution:

 Humans are actually responsible for the sick global environment.  A cruel ax has come into the hands of sensible people in the process of indiscriminate clearing of forests.  Which is one of the reasons for losing the environmental balance.  Due to the increasing human demand, the destruction of trees is increasing at a large rate in the manufacturing of furniture.

 Also in daily life, factories, vehicles are burning wood, oil, coal every moment.  Black smoke and waste materials emitted from industrial plants pollute the environment.  From chemical fertilizers to polythene polluting water and soil.  Nuclear weapons bombs used in war cause adverse effects on the environment.

 Environmental pollution also occurs naturally, natural causes include fires, volcanoes, etc.  But on the other hand nature itself is the purifier of pollution caused by nature, man-made pollution is so much that nature is unable to clean it and it is beyond the reach of man.

 ☞Air pollution:

  Air is one of the natural resources.  Heavy metals produced from carbon particles, waste of complex organic compounds, carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels such as oil, coal, etc. are the main ingredients of air pollution.  Black smoke from homes, factories, motor vehicles is one of the major causes of air pollution.

 ☞Water pollution:

  Another important element of the environment is water.  The water of rivers, canals, ponds, lakes etc. is constantly being polluted.  Contaminated liquids, heavy metals, oil from ships, halogenated hydrocarbons discharged from city drains are responsible for water pollution.  Various factories like cloth mills, jute mills, paper mills, sugar mills were built on the banks of the river.  The waste of these factories is constantly polluting the water.

 ☞Soil Pollution:

  The covering of the crust is soil or soil.  Soil erosion, deforestation, acid rain, excessive use of chemical fertilizers on the land result in loss of soil quality and air pollution.

 ☞Noise Pollution:

  One of the causes of environmental pollution is noise pollution.  Noise pollution is caused by various reasons, such as motor vehicle or boat noise, factory noise, bet-cracker noise, microphone noise, radio-television noise, etc.

 ☞ Radioactive pollution:

 Along with the progress of science, the amount of radioactive pollution is also increasing.  Most of these harmful radiations are emitted from various types of electronic products, nuclear weapon explosions and nuclear power plants, which cause serious damage to our environment and cause environmental pollution.

 ☞Pollution Environment and Human Life:

 Human pollution started when man learned to light fire in primitive times.  Then as human civilization progressed, the pollution continued to increase.  Due to the increase in population along with factory vehicles, the rate of tree felling also increased.  Industrial areas and cities are the main centers of environmental pollution.

 In 1952, about 400 people died suddenly due to heart and respiratory diseases due to smog in the industrial city of London.  We all know the tragic loss of lives of thousands of people due to methyl isocyanide gas in Bhopal, India in 1984.  According to scientists, two thousand billion tons of carbon dioxide has already accumulated in our earth's atmosphere.

 77% of which is for fuel and the remaining 23% as a result of deforestation.  After 100 years in 1980, compared to 1880, the global temperature increased by 0.6 degrees Celsius.  One of the main reasons is the sudden increase in various greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide.  Different types of chemical fertilizers, polythene, plastic and other polluting substances used in daily life are the causes of environmental pollution.

 ☞Harmful effects of environmental pollution:

 Bashundhara today stands at the end of endurance due to our lack of awareness our environment is becoming unlivable day by day due to pollution.  Excessive chemical fertilizers are polluting the soil, reducing the fertility of the soil and reducing the quality of the crops.

 Contaminated water from the factories pollutes the river water resulting in death of aquatic fishes.  The death of aquatic animals is nothing new.  Often we see news of marine animal deaths in newspapers.

 A report by the United Nations shows a terrible fact, where it is said that every year about 800 species of marine animals are affected by waste materials from ships, and about 80 percent of these are plastic waste.

 Due to cutting of trees, the number of wild animals is decreasing.  Many species of animals and plants are becoming extinct.  The effects of environmental pollution are very dire.  Acid rain that occurs as a result of air pollution is mixing with soil and river water and increasing the amount of acid in soil and water.

 Aquatic plants and animals are suffering due to high acidity.  As a result of air pollution, the amount of carbon dioxide in the environment is increasing and the temperature of the environment is increasing.  As the temperature increases, the polar ice caps are melting and the sea level is rising.

 Soil, water and air pollution are also very harmful to human health.  Air pollution causes physical problems like headache, shortness of breath, asthma, lung cancer, chronic bronchitis etc.  Noise pollution results in hearing loss, cardiac arrest, insomnia and various neurological disorders.

 ☞Pollution Remedies:

 Environmental scientists are very concerned about the increasing pollution of water and air.  Environmental scientists are constantly working to determine how the animal world, including the vast human population, can escape this curse.

 Electricity, paper, cement, steel factories occupy one of the leading places in air pollution.  Appropriate pollution control measures must be taken by classifying the industrial centers according to the variation of pollution.  Therefore, on the instructions of scientists, arrangements have been made to install pollution control equipment in these factories.

 Recent advances in technology have led to the development of several methods to control nuclear reactor waste.  As a result, there will be no radioactivity in the nuclear power plant environment.

 There is a need to be aware of polluted water coming out of factories, city faeces, garbage, so as not to pollute river or lake water.  Use of pesticides, polythene old vehicles should be reduced as well as population growth should be avoided.

 The importance of trees in protecting the balance and biodiversity of the environment is immense.  The easiest way to prevent pollution is to plant trees and save trees.  Every citizen of the country should take the responsibility of planting more trees and conservation to get a healthy and beautiful environment to protect our existence.  25% forest area of   every country should be ensured to reduce environmental pollution.  Cutting of trees should be prohibited before the specified time.

 The use of chemical fertilizers should be reduced in agricultural land and the use of organic fertilizers should be increased.  Use of pesticides should be reduced.  Integrated pest control should be used instead of pesticides.  Above all, people should be made aware of the dangers of environmental pollution.  Prevention of environmental pollution should be made a national movement.

 Once upon a time, humans believed that good could only be achieved by dominating the environment.  But now this idea has changed.  Because people have realized that in order to dominate, people are creating dangers for themselves by clearing forests, stopping the flow of rivers, destroying the balance of the environment.

 So no more overpowering the environment but today they are trying to build a friendly relationship with the environment.  If this effort is successful only by reducing environmental pollution we can create a beautiful world for future generations.

 Conclusion:

 We need to remember that a clean environment gives us sound health and inexhaustible longevity.  The responsibility of keeping the environment free from pollution is not only the responsibility of the government, organization or any individual, it is the responsibility of all of us.

 The need to prevent environmental pollution at any cost is undeniable in order to build a safer world for future generations.  We are the guardians of our clean environment.  Pollution control is definitely possible with active efforts of all of us.

  The subject of environmental science must be included in the school curriculum.

 If we cannot build a suitable living environment and protect the environment from pollution, the black cloud of death will descend on our lives. A healthy environment is the condition for a beautiful life, so nature, family, school, and even society - everywhere needs environmental cleanliness.