Overview: HIV and AIDS
Introduction: At the end of the 20th century, the deadly disease AIDS was discovered as a serious threat to humanity. Despite the advances in science and technology in the 21st century, AIDS remains a serious threat to public health worldwide. It is currently the number one killer disease in some parts of the world. Especially in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and the Caribbean region, the world is terrified of the outbreak of this disease. When affected by this disease, the immune system of the body gradually decreases. As a result, the germs of any disease, such as tuberculosis, diarrhea, etc. can easily attack and the patient gradually dies due to lack of immunity in the body.
Origin of AIDS: It is not known exactly when the deadly disease AIDS hit people. In 1981, the first 'AIDS' disease was diagnosed in America. Researchers believe that the disease spread in Africa before that. According to many, the disease 'AIDS' originated through a species of monkey. At the initial stage of the origin of this disease, medical science has come to the conclusion that the spread of AIDS is mainly through sexual intercourse between men and women. In other words, sexually transmitted disease AIDS has been newly added to water-borne, air-borne diseases discovered so far.
AIDS: 'AIDS' is a disease caused by a virus. This disease is caused by a virus called HIV. The outline of the virus is called in medical terms. Human T cell lymphotropic virus III' abbreviated as HILV-III. On the other hand, the short name of 'Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Aquad Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is AIDS (AIDS). Because the virus HIV mutates and multiplies so rapidly, it is not yet possible for medical science to develop an antidote for it. Symptoms of AIDS: The symptoms of the fatal disease AIDS are as follows:
1. Rapid weight loss in AIDS patients.
2. Occasional mild fever, headache and loss of vision.
3. Painless swelling of glands in throat, armpits and groin. 4. Dry cough, shortness of breath, sore throat especially during meals
5. White film on the tongue and lips inside the mouth.
6. Unlimited weakness, memory loss.
7. Decreased digestive power.
8. Rashes on the back, mouth and throat, red spots on the skin. No pain but the inside is hard and uncomfortable.
9. Ulcers inside the mouth.
10. Gradual deterioration of health.
If the above mentioned symptoms appear, the fact of AIDS can be confirmed through HIV test.
Causes of AIDS: AIDS can be transmitted in different ways. If the blood, semen or uterine fluid of a person with AIDS comes into contact with the blood, body fluids or mucous membranes of a healthy person, then the spread of HIV and AIDS can occur in different ways. For example, the disease can spread to the baby through unsafe sex, blood of an AIDS patient, use of a syringe used by an infected person, and even breastfeeding of an infected mother.
After the HIV virus enters the body, it takes 3 to 6 months for it to be detected in a blood test. In some cases, patients may remain a carrier for up to 15 years without developing symptoms. 50% of carriers develop AIDS after 8 years and 50% after 15 years.
Spread of AIDS: The HIV virus was first detected in America, but the disease spread globally from Africa. Currently, the AIDS epidemic is global. This disease has spread in various Asian countries including America, European continent. The spread of AIDS has already become an epidemic, according to a report by the World Health Organization. The information about the spread of AIDS epidemic in India, Myanmar and Nepal, which borders Bangladesh, has already been published. According to the 2002 survey, the infection rate in these countries was 2.63 percent, 37.1 percent and 37.38 percent respectively. Bangladesh is at high risk of HIV infection in the said survey.
Prevention and treatment of AIDS: In the past century, medical scientists have developed prevention systems for many diseases like cholera, tuberculosis, and plague. Medical scientists in the third world, including developed countries, are continuing research to prevent the deadly AIDS. A cure for AIDS may one day be discovered. But there is no doubt that if some steps are taken in this regard before that, people will be able to survive from the clutches of the killer AIDS. such as
Abstaining from the subculture of promiscuous sex
2. Emphasis on ethics and religious discipline;
3. abstinence from drug use;
4. Ensure use of good brand condoms during intercourse; 5. Blood test of blood donor before blood collection:
6. Checking if the mother had AIDS during pregnancy;
7. Medical history of AIDS patients;
8. To check whether the affected patient has given blood elsewhere; 9. Sterilizing needles, syringes;
10. Activating the media in disseminating information on AIDS prevention
Conclusion: Although AIDS is a deadly disease, the people of the modern world continue to make relentless efforts to prevent this disease. In other developed countries including America, public opinion is being organized to survive from the black paw of AIDS. With the aim of getting rid of the virus of AIDS, the governments of various countries have continued to make people aware of this deadly disease through their pamphlets, wireless television. Bangladesh government is also playing a leading role in this regard. The government has set up a task force on AIDS prevention. It is true that if moral degradation can be prevented and public awareness can be increased, the deadly disease AIDS can be easily avoided. If the antidote to this deadly disease is discovered in medical science, the curse of AIDS will disappear like the other five viruses.
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